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Auriculoterapia

A acupuntura auricular é um recurso terapêutico originário da MTC que envolve a estimulação de pontos de acupuntura específicos na região da orelha (microssistema auricular) utilizando agulhas filiformes. Já a auriculoterapia é um termo guarda-chuva que abrange este e outros meios de estimulação, como sementes de Vacaria ou mostarda torrada, a pressão dos dedos (acupressão), o laser (laseracupuntura), a estimulação elétrica (eletroacupuntura), sangrias, dentre outros, integrando o referencial teórico da MTC com o da neurociência. Sua aplicação pode ser realizada de diferentes maneiras, variando a escolha e número de pontos, ângulo, profundidade e direção de agulhamento, intensidade e tempo de retenção do estímulo e a frequência e o número de atendimentos de acordo com o referencial teórico adotado. A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) iniciou na década de 80 a padronização do mapa auricular, especificando o nome e a localização dos pontos, que posteriormente foi atualizado pela World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies (WFAS).

MeSH Term: Auriculotherapy OR Acupuncture, Ear.
Unitermos: auricular acupuncture, auriculomedicine, auricular acupressure, ear acupuncture, ear acupressure, battlefield acupuncture, auricular electroacupuncture, auricular transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, auricular vagus nerve stimulation, transcutaneous auricular vagus stimulation (taVNS).

Score 9/10 na escala PEDro

  • Vas J et al. Efficacy and safety of auriculopressure for primary care patients with chronic non-specific spinal pain: a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Acupunct Med. 2014 Jun; 32(3): 227-35. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24568949>. [265 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Barker R et al. Out-of-hospital auricular acupressure in elder patients with hip fracture: a randomized double-blinded trial. Acad Emerg Med. 2006 Jan; 13(1): 19-23. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16365322>. [38 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Kober A et al. Auricular acupressure as a treatment for anxiety in prehospital transport settings. Anesthesiology. 2003 Jun; 98(6): 1328-32. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12766639>. [36 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Sapir-Weise R et al. Acupuncture in alcoholism treatment: a randomized out-patient study. Alcohol Alcohol. Jul-Aug 1999;34(4):629-35. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10456592/>. [72 participantes, 4 grupos]

Score 8/10 na escala PEDro

  • Zhang JJ et al. Effect of Auricular Acupressure on Acute Pain in Nursing Home Residents with Mild Dementia: A Single-Blind, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Mar 10;2022:6406383. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35310034/>. [206 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Usichenko TI et al. Effectiveness of Acupuncture for Pain Control After Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Feb 1;5(2):e220517. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35226080/>. [120 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Wang SX et al. Auricular acupressure promotes uterine involution after cesarean section: A randomized controlled trial. Integr Med Res. 2021 Sep;10(3):100724. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34040981/>. [109 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Assis BB et al. The effects of auricular acupuncture on vascular parameters on the risk factors for diabetic foot: A randomized clinical trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2021 Aug;44:101442. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34265578/>. [44 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Wang S et al. Use of auricular acupressure to improve the quality of life in diabetic patients with chronic kidney diseases: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:343608. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25574180/>. [62 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Wetzel B et al. The effect of auricular acupuncture on fentanyl requirement during hip arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial. Clin J Pain. Mar-Apr 2011;27(3):262-7. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21346689/>. [120 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Xue CC et al. Semi-self-administered ear acupressure for persistent allergic rhinitis: a randomised sham-controlled trial. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2011 Feb;106(2):168-70. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21277520/>. [63 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Usichenko TI et al. Auricular acupuncture for pain relief after ambulatory knee surgery: a randomized trial. CMAJ. 2007 Jan 16; 176(2): 179-83. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17224599>. [120 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Alimi D et al. Analgesic effect of auricular acupuncture for cancer pain: a randomized, blinded, controlled trial. J Clin Oncol. 2003 Nov 15; 21(22): 4120-6. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14615440>. [90 participantes, 3 grupos]

Score 7/10 na escala PEDro

  • Höxtermann MD et al. Efficacy and Safety of Auricular Acupuncture for the Treatment of Insomnia in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cancers (Basel). 2021 Aug 13;13(16):4082. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34439234/>. [52 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Mao JJ et al. Effectiveness of Electroacupuncture or Auricular Acupuncture vs Usual Care for Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Among Cancer Survivors: The PEACE Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol. 2021 May 1;7(5):720-727. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33734288/>. [360 participantes, 3 grupos]
  • Alimoradi Z, Kazemi F, Gorji M, Valiani M. Effects of ear and body acupressure on labor pain and duration of labor active phase: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med. 2020 Jun;51:102413. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32507430/>. [90 participantes, 3 grupos]
  • Xia B et al. Effect of Auricular Point Acupressure on Axial Neck Pain After Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Pain Med. 2018 Jan 1; 19(1): 193-201. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28505292>. [29 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Moura CC et al. Action of ear acupuncture in people with chronic pain in the spinal column: a randomized clinical trial. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2018 Sep 3;26:e3050. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30183875/>. [110 participantes, 3 grupos]
  • Ushinohama A et al. Effect of a single session of ear acupuncture on pain intensity and postural control in individuals with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Braz J Phys Ther. 2016 Jul-Aug; 20(4): 328-35. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27556389>. [80 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Chang LH et al. Auricular acupressure for managing postoperative pain and knee motion in patients with total knee replacement: a randomized sham control study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012; 2012: 528452. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22844334>. [62 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Wang M-C et al. Effects of auricular acupressure on menstrual symptoms and nitric oxide for women with primary dysmenorrhea. J Altern Complement Med. 2009 Mar;15(3):235-42. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19292653/>. [90 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Usichenko TI et al. Auricular acupuncture for pain relief after total hip arthroplasty – a randomized controlled study. Pain. 2005 Apr; 114(3): 320-7. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15777857>. [61 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Wang SM et al. Parental auricular acupuncture as an adjunct for parental presence during induction of anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2004 Jun; 100(6): 1399-404. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15166558>. [67 participantes, 2 grupos]

Score 6/10 na escala PEDro

  • Tan JY et al. Effects of auricular acupressure on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in breast cancer patients: a preliminary randomized controlled trial. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2022 Mar 24;22(1):87. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35331208/>. [114 participantes, 3 grupos]
  • Hendawy HA, Abuelnaga ME. Postoperative analgesic efficacy of ear acupuncture in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol. 2020 Nov 9;20(1):279. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33167893/>. [56 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Vas J et al. Effect of ear acupuncture on pregnancy-related pain in the lower back and posterior pelvic girdle: A multicenter randomized clinical trial. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2019 Oct; 98(10): 1307-1317. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31034580>. [220 participantes, 4 grupos]
  • Yeh CH et al. Day-to-Day Changes of Auricular Point Acupressure to Manage Chronic Low Back Pain: A 29-day Randomized Controlled Study. Pain Med. 2015 Oct; 16(10): 1857-69. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25988270>. [61 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Yeh M-L et al. Auricular acupressure for pain relief in adolescents with dysmenorrhea: a placebo-controlled study. J Altern Complement Med. 2013 Apr;19(4):313-8. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23130943/>. [113 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Avants SK et al. A randomized controlled trial of auricular acupuncture for cocaine dependence. Arch Intern Med. 2000 Aug 14-28;160(15):2305-12. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10927727/>. [82 participantes, 3 grupos]
  • Richards D, Marley J. Stimulation of auricular acupuncture points in weight loss. Aust Fam Physician. 1998 Jul;27 Suppl 2:S73-7. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9679359/>. [60 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Waite NR, Clough JB. A single-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a simple acupuncture treatment in the cessation of smoking. Br J Gen Pract. 1998 Aug;48(433):1487-90. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10024707/>. [78 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Bullock ML et al. Controlled trial of acupuncture for severe recidivist alcoholism. Lancet. 1989 Jun 24;1(8652):1435-9. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2567439/>. [80 participantes, 2 grupos]

Aguardando classificação

  • Azevedo C et al. Effectiveness of auricular acupuncture and pelvic floor muscle training in the management of urinary incontinence following surgical treatment for prostate cancer: A randomized clinical trial. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2023 Dec 12;68:102490. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38113770/>. [60 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Ma J et al. The effect of auricular acupuncture on preoperative blood pressure across age groups: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2023 Dec 31;45(1):2169452. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36681906/>. [120 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Aminizadeh M et al. Effectiveness of auricular acupressure on constipation and related quality of life among the older people in the residential care home: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Geriatr. 2023 Mar 27;23(1):171. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36973676/>. [60 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Wang L et al. The efficacy and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in patients with mild cognitive impairment: A double blinded randomized clinical trial. Brain Stimul. 2022 Sep 20;S1935-861X(22)00207-8. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36150665/>. [60 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Zhang X et al. Auricular acupressure for treating early stage of knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, sham-controlled prospective study. QJM. 2022 Aug 13;115(8):525-529. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34463759/>. [62 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Höxtermann MD et al. Efficacy and Safety of Auricular Acupuncture for the Treatment of Insomnia in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cancers (Basel). 2021 Aug 13;13(16):4082.  <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34439234/>. [52 participantes, 2 grupos]
  • Zhang CS et al. Ear acupressure for perennial allergic rhinitis: A multicenter randomized controlled trial. Am J Rhinol Allergy. Jul-Aug 2014;28(4):e152-7. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25197908/>.  [245 participantes, 2 grupos]
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